A collaborative design approach where users, designers and other relevant parties work together from the beginning to create a product, service or experience. Co-design values input from diverse perspectives to ensure the final result aligns with user needs and preferences. This process encourages shared ownership and effective solutions.

Widely available software purchased from an external vendor, rather than developed in-house. COTS may need to be configured or modified to meet business needs or integrate with existing systems.

The combination of hardware, software and network resources needed to run and manage an application or service. This setup forms the workspace where computing operations happen.

A software package containing everything an application needs to run. This includes the code, system tools and libraries.

A discipline that uses evidence and data to plan and organize information. It involves making strategic choices on language and structure to help guide users through complex information in an intuitive way.

The second round of tests, after alpha testing, for a product or service. The product is tested by a larger group of users, typically outside of the organization that developed it.

Software that helps users create, edit, publish and manage digital content, usually for a website or blog.